Exclusion of extrinsic oral evidence under Sections 91 and 92

When the terms of a written document or registered sale deed are clear and unambiguous, extrinsic oral evidence to ascertain a contrary intention of the parties is strictly barred under Sections 91 and 92 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. (Hemalatha (D) by Lrs. v. Tukaram (D) by Lrs. | 2026 INSC 179)