Procedural discipline in limitation matters

Limitation requirements must be applied according to their statutory terms. A later discretionary order cannot replace a precondition to cognisance. The complainant’s explanation must be considered at the proper stage. The order should establish that sufficient cause was accepted before cognisance. This gives effect to both the time limit and the proviso. Statutory preconditions are not optional formalities. The judgment emphasises the sequence enacted by Parliament. Its conclusion followed from the statutory language and chronology. (S. Nagesh v. Shobha S. Aradhya | 2026 INSC 27)