Summary and non-appellate character of Section 34 and Section 37 proceedings

underscores that post-award judicial proceedings under the Arbitration Act are inherently summary in nature and must not be treated as equivalent to regular civil suits or full-fledged regular civil appeals. The legislative structure of the Act was purposefully crafted to avoid the protracted evidentiary hearings, extensive re-arguments on merits, and prolonged appellate delays characteristic of traditional litigation. Because proceedings under Section 34 are strictly summary, the secondary tier of challenge under Section 37 is even more circumscribed, functioning as a narrow supervisory check rather than a forum for rehearing the underlying contractual dispute. Treating Section 37 appeals as ordinary first or second appeals defeats the expeditious purpose of the Act and erroneously expands judicial intervention beyond its statutory design, thereby eroding the efficiency and finality intended by commercial arbitration. (Jan De Nul Dredging India Pvt. Ltd. Vs Tuticorin Port Trust | 2026 INSC 34)